Which of the following best describes the role of weight-bearing exercises in osteoporosis prevention?

• A. Increases bone density and improves balance
• B. Solely increases muscle strength without affecting bones
• C. Decreases calcium absorption
• D. Has no effect on fracture risk

Answer: (A)

Weight-bearing exercise provides a mechanical stimulus to bone, triggering remodeling that tends to increase or preserve bone density. When bones are loaded through activities like walking, stairs, or resistance training, osteoblasts respond and bone mass can improve, especially in the bones most stressed by the activity. These exercises also enhance balance, coordination, and muscle strength, which together reduce the risk of falls and thus lower fracture risk. Because osteoporosis prevention relies on both maintaining bone density and reducing fracture risk, weight-bearing activities address both aspects effectively. The other statements don’t fit: exercise does more than build muscle, it does not decrease calcium absorption, and it does influence fracture risk by protecting bone and reducing falls.